Lord Of The Flies Chapter 4-7 Notes Essays - English-language Films

Lord of the Flies: Chapter 4-7 Notes Lord of the Flies: Chapter 4-7 Notes 1. When the fire goes out it symbolizes the loss of all remaining civility and the beginning of absolute savagery. The fire was the boys' only link to the past, as it was the one true technology they had. Fire symbolizes man's domination and manipulation of nature. As the fire goes out the boys are no longer people, but animals. It is also important to note that the fire was voluntarily allowed to die. This tells us that the boys voluntarily became savages, so this represents not only the loss of a civilized society, but also the betrayal of it. When the fire goes out, it also signifies the loss of hope. If the boys believed that they would be rescued, then they would not allow the fire to go out. Again, because of the fire being let out voluntarily it also represents the betrayal of hope. When the fire goes out, the boys no longer want to be a part of civilization or be rescued by it. 2. The beast from the air is a dead man, who is attached to a parachute, falling from the sky. The beast from water is a figment of their imagination. Once again the loss of civilization and the old ways are represented. The dead man in the parachute, falling slowly, from the old world and civilization, represents the steady decline of the old ways which have been implemented in the new society and therefore the distinction of being civilized itself and the death of it. The beast represents mankind's fear of an outside threat as well as the evil and wrong doing that mankind brings upon itself. Fear of an outside threat has been a characteristic that mankind has had ever since we walked on two legs. Ancient peoples saw demons, and now many people claim to see UFO's and aliens; it is quite plausible that a very primitive society would see a beast. As evil and fear are created from man, so is the beast. The beast, being a fictitious creation of man and one that appears in every society, becomes no longer a physical entity, but a fear rooted deep in the human psyche; perhaps a fear of ourselves. 3. The parachute symbolizes the forces of human behavior that attempt to hold the fabric of society intact. The parachute, however, fails to hold society afloat indefinitely. The parachute slowly loses to nature (in this case gravity, but symbolically mankind's animal instincts and desires). This conclusion can be drawn because the parachute is carrying a dead man, who of course represents the old way and civility. Perhaps it could be also concluded that the parachute symbolizes the last efforts to maintain a civilization that has already died and cannot be saved. Because the parachute symbolizes efforts to save civilization on the island, it can be related to Ralph, Piggy, and Simon. The parachute, however, does not represent these characters, but rather what they themselves in turn represent; leadership, knowledge and kindness. 4. When Simon says, "You'll get back alright...", he means to say that the beast is a figment of the imagination and cannot harm anyone; therefore, they will get back without a beast preventing their return. Golding puts Simon's words in such a manner so that they have a connotation of sarcasm and annoyance. I believe that this was done to give the reader a hint of Simon's unspoken knowledge. Simon knows that the beast is fictitious, in fact Simon knows what the beast represents. He is annoyed by the general ignorance of the boys on the island and knows that when they return, they themselves will bring the beast back; only it won't be the beast that they think they know. 5. Jack was unable to kill the pig because he still had traces of civility left in him. The savage part of him drew him to kill the pig, but did not fully dominate and he was unable to kill the pig. Society teaches us from a young age that it is not only wrong to kill, but disgusting. He was not ready to stain his hands with the blood of another living creature and to abandon his morals. He took a large step towards savagery by deciding and nearly bringing himself to kill the pig, but was not ready to complete the journey; not yet. 6. Piggy's glasses are significant as a symbol of knowledge. Piggy also represents knowledge, and he is blind, basically useless without them. Piggy

Health coach Essay Example

Health coach Essay Example Health coach Essay Health coach Essay Bing a wellness manager for gamescape these past 5 hebdomads has truly helped me reach a better apprehension of wellness and health. Having a squad with such different backgrounds and really different in their whole facet of wellness and health was a challenge at times but that is what made me understand wellness and health so much better. Bing the squad leader and holding to do different life determinations for the three other squad members helped me see how altering some little things can hold a immense impact in your life. I have learned that even person who is really active and fit like June in gamescape was there is still room for betterment and better wellness picks to be made. The most of import thing that I have learned is that there has to be balance between all six elements in order to make optimum wellness. It is truly of import to understand each component and do it a portion of your life because if one is absent in your life so you can non make true wellness and health. Before gamescape I had no thought about the six elements that make up wellness and health. I knew that all those things were of import but I neer truly knew the function the six elements have in making optimum wellness. Besides larning all the ways that I can assist forestall chronic disease has been great. larning about all the hazard factors made me really scared at first but I besides know now that I can assist forestall it.

Managing the Hospitality Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing the Hospitality Experience - Essay Example This is achieved through an effort to entertain guests (Jones 2002). According to Jones (2002), hospitality should be an experience rather than a service. Guests’ experiences should be attractive to both their families and friends. Guests are craving for authentic local experiences that will establish an emotional connection (Hemming ton 2007). An excellent example is the Andaz5th Avenue Hotel. According to the general manager of Andaz5th Avenue Hotel, the experiences include fashion, events and food. According to USA today valuable and rare experiences are significant driving factors in the hospitality sector. 31 per cent of customers said destination hotels are perceived to be a hidden gem. 26 per cent of the interviewed customers said they loved to share photos of the hotels they stayed. Creating the elusive guest experiences to different customers is achievable but demanding. The expectations of guests are divergent and differ with times and seasons. Another compelling exa mple is the Renaissance Hotel. Renaissance hotel brand has introduced an ad targeting both leisure and business travelers. The brand insists that business guests who insist on free Wi-Fi and breakfast must have an experience, as well. Dan Vinh, Renaissance vice president, said the hotel hopes to offer a unique experience. He believes guests are stimulated by the environment in order to be productive. Q2. According to Visser, hospitality entails sharing of security, food and shelter with a stranger within the community who has no friend or relatives. The act of providing and receiving generosity creates mutual trust. According to Doud, generosity is a gracious act. He argues that, the use of the word stranger in the definition of generosity tends to imply that the receiver of the generous act does not deserve it because they are not acquainted to each other. The word grace implies a respectful attitude given towards people who do not deserve or earn a worm consideration. Hospitality is also hereditary. Once an act of hospitality has been done to a person or household, the same is extended to the descendants and passed on from generation to generation. This establishes a long term bond (Kandampully & Sparks 2001). Bonds established through hospitality were supposed to be temporal. The agreed period was three days, and the guests were expected to reciprocate by not overstaying. Hospitality had territorial limitations. Protection was offered within the period of stay and the boundaries of territorial influence. For instance, Arabs only offered protection as long as the guest was in within their home. Beyond that, the guest could end up become a victim of the host. Therefore, the guests used to leave at night and without any farewell to the host for fear of being pursued by the host. According to Pitt-Rivers, hospitality was not necessarily a mark of friendship. Providing hospitality, according to Pitt-Rivers, was an act of sanctity where a hostile stranger and a h ost were neutral to each other. Hospitality was an act of self interest because certain gains were expected. According to Selwyn, hospitality gave way to a transformation where the aggrieved regained their trust and friendship in the course of exchange of services. Hospitality is known to transform friends into closer friends. Hospitality is an act of selfless will where acceptance and trust are propagated. This causes hospitality to be a source of symbolic ties that create unique connections between people.

Reading Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 20

Reading Response - Essay Example Topik argues that voyages lead to the global trade which allowed other goods from Asian countries, particularly tea in becoming part of the European culture2 (Topik 2006). Topik in his article highlights that the revolutionary boom and the voyages boost the trade of cheap drug food like tea in the European region. With the passage of time, people become excessively addictive of tea. On the other hand, James states that the expansion of global trade made cheap goods like tea available to people and they became fashion symbols. I am of the view that James in the article emphasizes on the West Indians of East India Company and salves were the reason for making people addictive, whereas Topik in his article states that the control of the production of the tea plantation was the major issue, and trade of cheap products. In my opinion, both articles present the same idea that the global trade made tea one of the most significant and most widely used commodities. In addition, the adaptation and accessibility of these commodities made tea common in the people. There is a minor difference in the idea presented by the authors. James talks more tea as an imperia l commodity whereas, Topik talks about the trade and slavery as a cause for tea to become a common

Fuel and energy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fuel and energy - Case Study Example Cutting trees, air pollution, water pollution etc. are some of the after-effects that tend to destroy the delicate balance of the nature. Traditionally we've been using oil and gas for all of our energy requirements. But over the years, with growing realisation of threat to environment and fast depleting natural resources, governments around the world have started making efforts to see that how best we can adjust our lifestyle in such a manner that the future generations do not face acute shortage of energy and a healthy living environment. It is no secret that our energy needs are growing day by day, but at the same time, the supplies of oil and gas are shrinking. It is said that each drop of oil which we use in seconds takes millions of years to develop through the natural process (Smale, 2004). Therefore, it is certain that a day will come when the oil sources around the world will dry up. The North Sea production has certainly led to the transformation of UK oil industry, but at the same time industry analysts have expressed their views from time to time that the production has peaked and we must prepare for a lif e after oil (Murray, 2004). Though due to the recessionary trends the crude oil prices have come down, but the manner in which these prices were on their way up till sometime back, were a serious cause of worry for the government. Therefore, we need to plan in such a manner that the country finds itself prepared for any eventuality in the coming years. Well, we can always call upon the citizens to make judicious use of energy to preserve the sources for long, but such measures would prove to be short-term measures only. Damage to environment by the use of oil and gas is another very important aspect which has forced us to think about greener alternatives. Planning for the long-term would involve use of renewable fuel sources. This is an alternative which can help the country in adopting a holistic approach towards making use of cleaner fuels. Organic fuel is one such alternative which promises to be a dependable alternative for our energy needs. Plants, animals as well as human beings absorb some amount of solar energy which is stored in the body in the form of fats, sugars or starches. If we can extract this energy for reuse, it is termed as organic fuel. As compared to fossil fuels, such organic fuels are far more environment friendly. Though, theoretically all plants are supposed to have this property, but there are some plants which have more of such ability. In fact when Rudolph Diesel developed Diesel in 1895, he also made use of oil extracted from sunflower, rape, peanuts and palm. But, with the discovery of fossil fuels, the petrochemical industry came to being. As we enter into the 21st century, the need for saving on our res ources becomes more prominent. In order to have a smooth transition, Bio-fuel technology is divided into three generations1; First-generation bio-fuel technology makes use of what we eat Second-generation technology makes use of what we throw away. Third-generation bio-fuels will subsequently be produced from some plants which were earlier considered to be of little use. The amount of carbon dioxide that melts into the atmosphere as a result of our routine actions creates damaging footprints of carbon. In fact at times, we unknowingly tend to perform some actions which lead to an increase in our carbon footprints on the environment,

Impact of Bail and House Arrest

Impact of Bail and House Arrest Introduction Bail and house arrest are parts of the legal system that allow offenders to serve time or await trial outside of the normal jail settings. Bail allows a defendant to await trial outside of jail buy paying a sum of money as a guarantee that he or she will show up to court at their designated time (Abrams Rohlfs, 2011). House arrest allows the convicted to serve their appointed sentence at their home instead of in prison. This time served comes with conditions that require the convicted to remain at home and only go to pre-approved locations such as work, the grocery store, medical appointments, etc., at approved times. They both offer the benefit of saving the government, be it federal or local, the money it typically spends on housing criminals in the jail/prison system. The Findlaw blog estimates that keeping someone in prison can cost more than $20,000 per year. House arrest also aides in keeping the prison facilities from being overcrowded (Trinh, 2015). Bail and house arrest do offer problems to the defendants and the public as well. This paper will look at some of the problems associated with the bail and house arrest options, namely the dangers to the public posed by both and the additional strain to recipients of house arrest. The following sources will help prove those points and examine the pros and cons of each. Bail Bail is a promise a defendant makes in the form of cash or equal value in property to return to court in order to stand trial on the charges that there stand accused of in order to receive that payment back. A simplified way of looking at the bail process is that if you make someone pay $1000, or equivalent value in property, they will return to court to stand trial with the promise of getting that money back (Feige, 2015). The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments of the Constitution each contain a clause on due process. This clause is there to protect citizens from arbitrary denial of life, liberty, or property by the government outside the sanction of law. The Eighth Amendment has an excessive bail clause which is designed to protect defendants from being subject to excessive bail set during pre-trial detention. One recent example of this clause protecting a defendant from excessive bail set can be found in the murder case of Robert Durst. Durst was given a $3 billion bail during pre-trial activities in 2004. An appeals court in Texas later deemed it excessive and that no one could meet the requirements of a bail that high, not Durst himself, and definitely not the bail companies. The court then lowered the bail to $450,000. (CNN.com, 2004) One of the issues with this clause is that it leaves too much room for interpretation when applying bail practices. The clause simply states: excessive bail shall not be required which is extremely vague. To remain in line with the Eighth Amendment, there should be a definitive explanation of the term excessive which doesnt exist. This led to bail reform being sought out. The Bail Reform Act of 1984 was designed address some concerns that pretrial detention may be violation of constitutional rights. The Act was supposed to help keep defendants from being presumed guilty before their trials occurred. This is definitely a benefit for a society based on the notion that defendants are innocent until proven guilty. However, the Act has allowed for the extreme conditions of release for those defendants that can afford them (Zweig, 2010). Another complaint with the bail system is that it favors the wealthy and discriminates against the poor. Poorer defendants do not have the disposable income to afford to pay bail and often have that used against them to force, or coerce, a guilty plea from them with a promise to avoid jail time, only to go home with a crime on their record. These blemishes on their criminal record can have a lasting negative affect on their ability to find employment in the future among other things. (Feige, 2015) Yet another complaint with the bail system is that is puts the recipients back on the street while they await the completion of the judicial process. For the innocent defendants, this is not an issue. However, this is not the case for the defendants that are actually guilty. These guilty defendants are now in a position to recommit their crimes, or commit new crimes, including attempting to harm potential witnesses for case against them (Sacks Ackerman, 2014). House Arrest House arrest allows for a defendant in a case to serve time or await trial at their primary residence. House Arrest is designed to keep nonviolent offenders from becoming repeat offenders. House arrest wont necessarily restrict the defendant to their home, however. Some exceptions, like attending medical appointments, going to work or school, attending church, and certain shopping trips may exist and must be preapproved. House arrest is an alternative to serving jail time and it is intended for nonviolent offenders accused of minor crimes. It also requires electronic monitoring of the offender. The offender is monitored 24 hours a day to track their whereabouts in ensure that they remain in predefined locations. It may seem like a benefit at first, because the offender gets to avoid jail time. However, recipients soon find out that having their movements restricted and forcing other family members to complete functions they would normally perform can become more and more stressful as time goes on. Often times, the family of the prisoner begins to feel as if they are being punished as well; leading to strained relationships. One argument against house arrest is that it unfairly punishes the family of the prisoner for the duration of the sentence (Brown Elrod, 1995). Another issue with house arrest is that the offenders could be dragged back into court or before their parole officers when there is a malfunction with the device and risk a return to prison. Some offense that fit this description included losing a connection while taking public transportation, such as a subway, to a preapproved appointment, or just losing power to the device. In fact, the prisoner, is responsible for ensuring that the device remains charged and powered on at all times. The prisoner is also required to pay the costs associated with electronic monitoring. For this reason, an offender with gainful employment is the ideal recipient of a house arrest sentence. The offender must also maintain a home phone land line without call waiting, call forwarding, caller id, other advanced features to be eligible for home electronic monitoring. Repetitive violations of these requirements could land the prisoner back in jail. One last noteworthy problem with house arrest, is that even though it is normally intended for nonviolent offenders, each jurisdiction makes their own rules for the conditions of house arrest. There have been times with some dangerous criminals have been allowed to serve time awaiting trial on house arrest. One notable occurrence of this fact can be seen in a gang member, Rashawn Hines, from the Wilmington neighborhood of Chicago being allowed to await trial under house arrest in November of 2014. Hines was later arrested for another charge. An investigation led to findings that his house was a local hangout for the Bloods street gang and that Hines distributed guns and drugs to members of the gang (Norton, 2014). Conclusions: Bail and house arrest both get defendants/offenders out of the prison and jail system during the judicial process. This saves the governing agencies money on housing them in jail. It was noted earlier that incarcerating a prisoner costs the government more than $20,000 per year. It also allows the government to avoid the problem of overcrowding in the prison system. However, they both have the possibility of putting criminals back on the street with the common public. While the intent of both practices is to deter individuals from repeating the offense or committing other offenses, the truth is there is no guarantee of that, especially when you give them the access to do so. Home monitoring can keep law enforcement aware of the individuals location, but it cannot stop them from committing any specific action. In the case of Rashawn Hines, electronic monitoring could not stop criminals and gang members from coming to him. Bail is way of helping to preserve the notion of innocent until proven guilty which our judicial system is based on, but not every defendant is actually innocent. Bail allows all recipients, innocent and guilty alike, back on the streets. The guilty are in a position to commit the offense again or commit new offenses, including fleeing from the jurisdiction they were arrested in or hindering the investigation against them. Both provide benefits to the government, especially financial benefits. However, they both raise concerns of safety to the public as well. There are benefits and consequences that should be weighed and considered in any possible system reforms. Sources: Abrams, D. S., Rohlfs, C. (2011). Optimal bail and the value of freedom: Evidence from the Philadelphia bail experiment. Economic Inquiry, 49(3), 750-770. Brown, M. P., Elrod, P. (1995). Electronic house arrest: an examination of citizens attitudes. Crime Delinquency, 41, 332. Feige, D. (2015, June 11). Bail Is a Fundamentally Unfair Way to Coerce Guilty Pleas From Poor People. Heres a Fix. Retrieved February 11, 2017, from http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2015/06/bail_is_unfair_here_s_a_simple_way_to_fix_it.html Gainey, R. R., Payne, B. K. (2003). Changing attitudes toward house arrest with electronic monitoring: the impact of a single presentation? International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 47(2), 196-209. Lilly, J. R., Ball, R. A. (1987). Brief History of House Arrest and Electronic Monitoring. Northern Kentucky Law Review, 13(3), 343-374. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.maurice.bgsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=truedb=sihAN=SM113024login.aspsite=ehost-livescope=site Leon, M. (1999). On the Value and Scope of Freedom. Ratio, 12(2) 162-177. Norton, F. T. (2014, November 6). Gang investigation led to arrest of man under house arrest, drug bust. StarNews Online. Retrieved February 18, 2017, from http://www.starnewsonline.com/news/20141106/gang-investigation-led-to-arrest-of-man-under-house-arrest-drug-bust Sacks, M., Sainato, V. A., Ackerman, A. R. (2014). Sentenced to Pretrial Detention: A Study of Bail Decisions and Outcomes. American Journal of Criminal Justice. Staff. (2004, August 26). Court lowers $3 billion bail for Durst. Retrieved February 11, 2017, from http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/08/26/durst.ctv/ Trinh, L., Esq. (2015, March 27). 5 Things You Should Know About House Arrest [Web log post]. Retrieved February 17, 2017, from http://blogs.findlaw.com/blotter/2015/03/5-things-you-should-know-about-house-arrest.html Zweig, J. (2010). Extraordinary conditions of release under the Bail Reform Act. Harvard Journal of Legislation, 47 (2). Retrieved February 10, 2017, from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.roosevelt.edu:2048/ehost/detail?vid=3hid=127sid=0e88f6c6-7384-436d-9af6-dd6eafcb20ea%40sessionmgr110bdata=JmxvZ2luLmFzcCZzaXRlPWVob3N0LWxpdmU%3d#db=aphAN=52241622

home improvement :: essays research papers

Home Improvement   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To construct a sitcom, like Home Improvement, there are certain media concepts that the show must take into consideration before building a set, and script. The medium that is chosen determines the format of the text, money limits construction, and the audience limits construction, as well as the lifestyles, and values of the audience. The writers of the show have to determine what dialogue is used in the script, for example the language and word choice that is used. The script also includes choosing a plot, setting, character’s, and narrator’s. To add to this list, the show could not be made possible without a recording environment, such as cameras, a studio to work in, lighting, sound effects, props, costumes, equipment for colouring, and fonts for messages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The audience has a lot to do with the success of the show. The writers for Home Improvement have to look at the show as a audience member would. If it does not run smoothly and does not show an environment that the audience may not find interesting, can affect the popularity of the show.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Home Improvement is about, a five member normal family that is faced everyday problems, involving either the children or the adults. Tim Taylor, (played by Tim Allen) is a clumsy, hilarious man, who is in love with tools, hosts a television show called â€Å"Tool Time,† while â€Å"raising three hormonally - charged boys into responsible adults,† Brad, ( Zacery Ty Bryan ) and Randy, ( Jonathan Taylor Thomas ) who are always chasing the girls, and Mark ( Taran Noah Smith ) as quoted from an ABC PRIMETIME article, along with the help of his understanding wife Jill (played by Patricia Richardson .) Jill and Tim seem to have a healthy relationship between the two of them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Meanwhile, Wilson, the Taylor’s unusual neighbour, serves as a teacher or a guide for Tim, or anyone else who has a problem. Wilson is always there when Tim needs to talk.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Al Borlan, ( Richard Karn ) is Tim’s best friend, and also his co-worker on the television show â€Å"Tool Time.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Heidi, is the â€Å"Tool Time Girl† who always introduces Tim Taylor for the show â€Å"Tool Time.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Every episode the audience expects a on-going scenario, for example Tim always getting hurt or Al always to be joked upon, these are the parts of the show, that the views keep wanting to come back to watch.

Ethical Implications of Cloning and Stem Cell Research Essay

Bio-medical breakthroughs in the fields of genetic and tissue engineering hold great promise. However, as modern medicine advances, it often poses major ethical issues on which people are seriously divided. The argument in favor of proceeding with research at unrestrained pace is mainly advocated by scientists and medical experts who would like to see some fantastic therapeutic benefits that science promises in the form of stem cell technologies. Scientists are absolutely thrilled by the possibilities looming on the horizon (Thompson, Harrub 2001c). On the other side of the debate are people, sometimes led by religious groups, who are concerned we may going too far too fast, using unacceptable means and in unknown directions. Stem cell research has the greatest potential for saving lives, but is controversial for its research based on embryos and fetuses (Rickard 2002). Stem cells are immature and unspecialized cells that that possess both the capacity to renew themselves indefinitely as well as the capability to differentiate themselves into specialized and mature cells. Mature cells, such as the heart’s myocytes or the liver’s hepatocytes, stop dividing after several dozen divisions, while stem cells can keep on dividing indefinitely, either renewing themselves or bringing out specialized cells. There are four types of stem cells in the human body 1) adult stem cells, 2) fetal stem cells 3) embryonic stem cells, and 4) nuclear transplant stem cells. For the first three months of pregnancy, a fertilized cell, or zygote, divides and grows in the mother’s womb and is referred to as an embryo. The embryo’s stem cells are the precursors of the development of a complete human baby. They produce all of the body’s various 100 trillion cells. It should become possible to use embryonic stem cells to regenerate any type of cell that the body needs. When the embryo assumes an apparent human body form, it becomes a fetus. Because the fetus is growing rapidly, all tissues and organs, including the brain, contain stem cells. It is for this reason that stem cell researchers are interested in studying fetal tissues. Studies suggest that human embryonic stem cells have immense potential in terms of developing into multiple tissue types and long-term self-renewal. Therefore, stem cell research entails the intentional creation of human embryos in the highly artificial context of an IVF clinic, using cloning techniques, and discarding them after their use for research is exhausted (Thompson, Harrub 2001a). The question to be resolved is whether research on embryonic stem cells constitutes a violation of fundamental human rights, in particular the principle of respect for human dignity and the right of life. However, many believe that conception/fertilization is not a moment but a process, and the early development does not indicate true individuality in any sense of the word, and therefore there is violation of human rights. The promise of embryo research, liberal-minded people tend to think, is too real to ignore any longer by sticking to conservative attitudes that stand in the face of pragmatism. And yet, even they would flinch at the possibilities of reproductive cloning. The difference between therapeutic cloning using embryonic stem cells (stem cell research) and reproductive cloning is the distinction between creating cloned body tissue or organs for therapeutic purposes and creating cloned human beings. Reproductive cloning is generally viewed as morally abhorrent because it is seen as unnatural and a â€Å"commodification† of human life, and it captures public fears about the power of science to pursue a eugenic agenda. When governmental organizations of today debate ban on human cloning, the main issue in such debates would be whether to ban outright all forms of embryo cloning, which a number of countries seem to support, or to permit the cloning of embryos for research purposes (therapeutic cloning/ stem cell research) while outlawing human reproductive cloning. Besides reproductive cloning, there is another untoward ramification to therapeutic cloning, which is cloning for enhancement. The issue of using advances in stem cell research for the purposes of enhancement, as against solely therapeutic purposes, opens up a Pandora’s box of all kinds of complications, ethical, social, psychological, philosophical and practical. For instance, stem cell approaches might help to cure Parkinson’s patients, but, in the not too distant future, they could also be used to improve brain functions. Rich people would be able to afford this therapy and poor people would not. This could create a most undesirable stratification of the society. But where does therapeutic cloning end, and enhancement cloning begin — even if cloning was advanced for purely therapeutic purposes, it would soon spread into the domain of enhancement. This is the argument of â€Å"slippery slope† commonly advanced against all biomedical research involving genetic and cellular manipulation. Last but not least, thanks to the promise that genetic engineering and human cloning research hold, the prospects of achieving capabilities for indefinite life extension even within the next twenty to thirty years are very high (Thompson, Harrub 2001b). The consequences of physical immortality for whole populations are simply inconceivable. But today, the possibility of human race becoming permanently deathless looms uncomfortably close to us. Therefore it becomes imperative that something be done to stem the advances of genetic and cloning research before the situation goes out of hand. A number of states have already enacted specific cloning-ban legislation, either banning the cloning of humans or imposing a moratorium on cloning within the state. Other states have taken action at least to consider formally similar legislation. At federal level, the Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2003, which bans the process of human cloning for any purpose and the importation of any product derived from an embryo created via cloning, was passed by the U. S. House of Representatives on 27 February 2003. It was not ratified by the senate though. The Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2005 bans only reproductive cloning while allowing therapeutic cloning. To date, federal regulations only prohibit federal funding for research into human cloning (Cash 2005). Though the science of bio-medical engineering is making rapid strides, and offers the promise of unveiling radical new therapies, simply the fact that a technology exists does not imply that anyone who can pay for it can be automatically allowed to use it. This is because the emerging genetic and cellular techniques and technologies raise all kinds of issues, ethical, philosophical, social, psychological and so on. They carry with them implications very difficult even to comprehend.

Operations Management Essays

Operations Management Essays Operations Management Essay Operations Management Essay Sunderland Business School Level: MModule: Operations Management Module Code: PGBM03Module Leader: Tom Cuthbertson Issue Date: 26th July 2011Return Date: 16th August 2011 Contribution to Module Assessment 100% This is an individual assignment. Work submitted must adhere to the University policy on Cheating, Collusion and Plagiarism. Introduction If Marketings function is to identify the needs of customers, then it is Operations Management which has the role of providing the required products or services in a way that satisfies the criteria imposed by the market. Efficient operation of this function is therefore important if the organisation is to be successful. An understanding of the main operational tasks is an essential starting point in this process. Assignment Select an organisation, or a department of an organisation, of which you have experience and critically assess the operational methods and strategies adopted to provide the product(s) in a way that give(s) maximum satisfaction to the customers or clients. A good answer will identify the criteria applied by the customer in assessing satisfaction i. e. the order-winning and order-qualifying criteria. You should a)define the principal operations tasks to satisfy these criteria b)analyse the process strategies and procedures employed to ensure that these tasks are carried out as effectively as possible. The organisation may not have an operations/production department defined in such terms, but it will still produce something for the use of somebody. The report, excluding appendices, should be not more than 3000 words in length. For your guidance, it will consist of: a)an introduction in which you say who the organisation is and what your and your department’ s contribution is to the organisation. )An accurate description of who the customers are they may be external or internal and what they expect from the output in terms of the broad market criteria discussed in the recommended text (Slack). From this, using the models in the text, you should be able to identify what the operations objectives are. This should then suggest the sort of process that ought to be operating. (The different process types and their ability to meet the range of operations objectives are explained at length in the module material). )You should then describe the process in these terms and explain how and why it helps or hinders in the achievement of the operations objectives i. e. its ability to supply a product which meets the customer’s needs. This is the essential analysis that shows your ability to apply the module content to your experience. d)Having analysed the process, describe what changes you feel ought to be made – if any – and explain why these are necessary in terms of improving the ability to meet the operations objectives. You may like to give some guidance on the feasibility of the changes, how they ought to be implemented, a cost benefit etc. etc. , where these are possible. Assessment Your work will be assessed against the following criteria: 1. Knowledge – Your work should show a knowledge of the module content. 2. Understanding – Your report should demonstrate an understanding of operations management. 3. Insight – Your report should show an ability to analyse the operation in the light of the module content and your own reading. 4. Clarity – Your report should be well structured and clearly presented. You should include a short list of references to support your observations and assertions. This assignment is intended to give you an opportunity to show that you are apable of applying your knowledge of operations management, not only in describing the issues faced by the organisation, but also in explaining them and justifying your proposed actions to improve them. You are invited to review all the models and concepts that we have discussed. Tom CuthbertsonModerated by Dr Tie Xu Module Leader PGBM03 Operations Management – Assignment Business Report Structure – 3000 words +/- 10% Size 12 font, spacing 1. 5, include word count. Report Presentation Front Sheet – Nam e / Student Number / Programme / Module / Date Table of Contents Introduction Main Body of Report – Analysis of theory and practice related to this organisation or company Conclusion and Recommendations References 10 to 20 Appendix – not included in word count Use Turnitin and submit Turnitin report with your hard copy of assignment. Typical distribution of word count could be; 500 words Introduction 2000 Main body analysis 500 Conclusion and Recommendations PGBM 03 Module Assessment Grading Criteria First Class (70 – 100%) A creative and original response to the assignment brief. Critically reflecting on perceived theory and experiences. Wide and appropriate use of sources (theory and practice) based on reading and experiences. Report written fluently, with evidence of a highly developed capacity to structure work systematically and argue logically. Merit (60 – 69%) Comprehensive knowledge of concepts and theories. Appropriate application of theory and experience to the assignment brief. Ability to inter-relate concepts and ideas. Some originality in approach and awareness of scope and limitations. Report systematically structured and coherent. (50-59%) Evidence of knowledge of concepts and theories. Attempts to relate and balance theory and practice. Main issues addressed appropriately. Mainstream texts and lecture notes used. Work presented in a structured form but arguments weak in places. (40-49%) Evidence of uncritical knowledge of main concepts and theories. Limited attempts to relate theory and practice relaying on personal opinion or assertions. Limited evidence of reading. Presentation and structure weak in several places. Fail (0 – 39%) Some knowledge of main concepts and theory but major omissions and / or misunderstandings. Style and structure weak and overly descriptive. Considerable limitations in ability to perceive the relationship of theory and practice. Limited reading.

Marketing research, Taco Bell Essay Example

Marketing research, Taco Bell Essay Example Marketing research, Taco Bell Paper Marketing research, Taco Bell Paper Essay Topic: Marketing Many factors, both within the organization and in the market, have the potential to influence the success or failure of a companys internationalization. In order to put itself in the best position to succeed (or to prevent failure), a company must conduct an in-depth analysis of these factors and use that analysis to make an educated decision as to whether or not they should expand their business abroad. Strengths and weaknesses of the organization must be evaluated. Also, there are opportunities and threats that exist outside the control of the organization in the market that must be assessed. By determining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats through analyzing the company and market research, it will be possible to determine if internationalizing Taco Bell to Great Britain is a financially lucrative and promising decision. Strengths Based on the marketing research, Taco Bell has many strengths that would help it succeed in an internationalization effort in Great Britain. Its primary strength is its corporate ownership. Taco Bell is owned by YUM! Brands, an international organization consisting of six subsidiaries*. Those subsidiaries include Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, KFC, AW All American Food Restaurants, and Long John Silvers. YUM! has successfully franchised on an international level, and has done particularly well with Pizza Hut and KFC, featuring 4,348 and 7,088 international units respectively*. Taco Bell itself has internationalized as well, with 209 international units. Another positive aspect in terms of these YUM! Brands figures, is that there are 578 KFCs and 522 Pizza Huts in the UK already, but there are currently no Taco Bells*. These figures imply YUM! Brands would be able to successfully internationalize another of their leading subsidiaries in a market in which they have already been successful. In terms of their franchising strength, YUM! Brands provides the resources Taco Bell would need to establish a lucrative franchise in Great Britain. There are ten Franchise Restaurant Support Centers throughout the world to aid in YUM! Brands franchising. The center for Europe and Great Britain is actually located in England, providing an accessible support center for a newly established Taco Bell franchise*. Within the company there is the personnel support to aid in Taco Bells internationalization to Great Britain. While Taco Bell is under the control of its president and chief operating officer, it also has the extended support of the YUM! Brands executive officers. Furthermore there is actually a separate division called YUM! Restaurants International that would provide additional support to Taco Bell*. As an added support resource within the context of the organization, YUM! has their own board of directors. The board consists of twelve members, each possessing their own valuable experience with other large and often international corporations, which is able to provide valuable advice and support regarding Taco Bells new project. Weaknesses Despite the numerous strengths of the Taco Bell organization and YUM! Brands, there are some important potential weaknesses within the organization to consider before internationalizing. YUM! Brands reliance on franchising, Taco Bells reliance on beef as a cheap, staple product, and the image of Taco Bell as an American restaurant are all possible weaknesses that stem from the organization. Over 80% of YUM! Brands restaurants are franchised. YUM! Brands has had great success with this internationalization mode with existing KFCs and Pizza Huts, however, their reliance on franchising may hurt when trying to introduce a new restaurant, such as Taco Bell in Great Britain*. The culture and expectations of Taco Bell are not yet known in the UK, so the new franchise may not coordinate itself with the company image as well as it should. Another serious detriment for Taco Bells expansion into the UK is their reliance on cheap available beef. Due to regulations in the market (covered later), beef is not a cheap and readily available product in the UK. Many Taco Bell products contain beef and their products are known for being very inexpensive. With beef being more expensive, this creates a problem for Taco Bells core menu and prices*. An interesting weakness for Taco Bell may be its overall image. KFC and Pizza Hut serve American food in an American atmosphere both domestically and abroad. Taco Bell is distinct in that it is supposed to be a Mexican restaurant*. Domestically, the atmosphere of Taco Bell is the same as any other American fast food restaurant, but abroad, consumers may prefer a more Mexican, rather than American approach. Taco Bells American image may create difficulties when attempting to persuade customers that it is a Mexican restaurant. Opportunities Many opportunities exist for the internationalization of Taco Bell in the United Kingdom. Aspects of the British culture, economy, and general food market support the introduction of a Mexican fast food chain. British consumers enjoy spicy food, Indian food being one of the most popular foods. They also enjoy variety and novelty in food choices. Mexican food is generally spicy and Taco Bells line of spicy sauces give consumers a choice in how spicy the food tastes as well as providing an alternative to everyday British food*. Also, living in the UK is quite expensive, especially in London, and Taco Bell appeals to the price sensitive nature of most British consumers*. The ethnic food market in the UK is growing rapidly with Mexican food as one of the fastest growing sectors. Consumer food preferences are evolving to fit the increasingly fast paced lifestyles of the British*. Taco Bell has the opportunity to take advantage of consumers needs for rapidly prepared food. Many consumers have expressed an interest in Mexican food, yet there are few Mexican restaurants. Taco Bell can fill the niche and gain a share of the large ethnic and fast food markets. Taco Bell can gain the first mover advantage in internationalizing to the UK, as there are currently no direct competitors*. The UK has favorable psychological distance from the US. Trade, customs, and governmental policies are well understood by the US and it will not be difficult for Taco Bell to market itself effectively in the UK. Many US citizens also travel to the UK and know little about or do not enjoy British food thus creating a demand for American chains*. McDonalds, for example, has done very well in the UK. Threats Potential threats of Taco Bells entrance involve mainly the legal and economic environment of the UK and its fast food industry. The strict food safety regulations which require beef imported from the US to be tested and prohibit the import of hormone treated meat in the UK complicate the procedures for Taco Bell to acquire and sell their food. This increases their cost, as they have to find suitable meat suppliers and ensure their meats are hormone free. As the UK government is open to foreign investments and free trade, the few regulations and stable economy makes the UK market attractive to many foreign firms. One threat Taco Bell should note is the continuously growing fast food industry and the fact that Mexican food is one of the three most popular foods in the ethic food industry*. As there is currently no established Mexican fast food chain in the UK, Taco Bell could take up great risks including the significant pioneering costs of being the first mover in this market*. Taco Bells main competition includes McDonalds, traditional Mexican restaurants, Indian, Asian, as well as local cuisine*. However, their competition does not fall directly into the Mexican fast food category. Final Analysis The S.W.O.T analysis taken from the marketing research indicates that Taco Bell should internationalize and the United Kingdom will provide a lucrative market. YUM! Brands has proved successful in internationalizing its other leading subsidiaries in the UK market. It has a well-defined franchising plan including a support center located in the UK, which can ameliorate the possible weakness involved with introducing a new restaurant through franchising. Taco Bell has the opportunity to fill a niche within the UK fast food market and appeal to British consumer preferences for spicy, rapidly prepared food. Entering the niche market as a first mover may include high pioneering costs, but allows Taco Bell to take advantage of the rapidly growing ethnic food market. As a result of weighing the organizational strengths against the weakness and market opportunities against the possible threats*, the analysis proves that with careful planning, internationalizing Taco Bell to the UK should be a success.

Risk Factors and Challenges in the Technology Industry Essay

Risk Factors and Challenges in the Technology Industry - Essay Example Moreover, business enterprises are very concerned about "outsider" company having access to the sensitive commercial information. Escalating complexity of the products and solutions: It is hard to test all the scenarios for the applications involving extremely lengthy and complex code, which sometimes leads to "bugs" and malfunctioning. Growth of in-house IT: Many non-computer firms joined the industry by adding divisions or by acquiring computer services companies. Banks, publishers, airlines, and telecommunications companies were among those whose information technology divisions were involved in this industry (SIC Computer Related Services n/p). Dependability on the readiness of the customers to engage in electronic interactions or networking: Value of network grows in line with the number of participants. If the market does not successfully adopt the new technology on a wide scale, it will not exist long. The wave of year-2000-related new equipment purchases that took place at the end of the 1990s, as well as the availability of quality used equipment from bankrupt Internet companies in the early 2000s, had a negative impact on the corporate market for new electronic devices and computers. (Electronic Computers n/p) From 1998 to 2000, reported IDC, ave... 2. Communications and Networking Changes in the industry-related regulations: For example, adoption of the Telecommunications Reform Act of 1996 greatly influenced operations of the telecommunication industry players. Standardization and adoption of new protocols. Emergence of many competing formats, offering lower costs and improved services to the customers: for example emergence of PCS systems as strong competition to wireless phone systems. Integration of different services (e.g. mobile phones with PDA -functions, text and multimedia messages services, WAP-internet access). Transformation of the industry structure: mergers and acquisitions in the industry (for example, recently approved acquisition of Skype VoIP-operator by the EBay Corporation). Reaching saturation in the developed-countries markets and challenges of global expansion. Dependability on the readiness of the customers to engage in electronic interactions or networking: Value of network grows in line with the number of participants. If the market does not successfully adopt the new technology on a wide scale, it will not exist long. 3. Electronics and Computer Hardware: Temporary slowdown of early 2000s in the technology spending in both corporate and private sectors caused by economic conditions and changes in the consumer behavior: The wave of year-2000-related new equipment purchases that took place at the end of the 1990s, as well as the availability of quality used equipment from bankrupt Internet companies in the early 2000s, had a negative impact on the corporate market for new electronic devices and computers. (Electronic Computers n/p) High R&D costs and consequently high break-even volumes. Increasing competition of low-cost Asian electronic

How have anthropologists responded to colonialism in different Essay - 1

How have anthropologists responded to colonialism in different historical moments - Essay Example Sometimes competition is healthy for development, but at certain times it is carried out by people personally until they hold grudge against the others. In such, colonialism is also important as it shows how societies form, clash, improve and how people interact and cope up with the situation. For the study then, the viewpoint of anthropologists would be examined in response to colonialism and how ethnographic knowledge would play a significant role in the study and history of colonialism. Before going deeply into the relationships of the concepts of colonialism, ethnographic knowledge and anthropology, it would be better to define and set basic foundations regarding the topics involve in the study. It would greatly help in appreciating and understanding their relationships after knowing each one of them. The first concept in the study is anthropology. It would be the viewpoint to be used in response to ethnographic knowledge regarding colonialism. Anthropology is said to be the â₠¬Å"study of human behavior in all places and at all times. It combines humanistic, scientific, biological, historical, psychological and social views of human behavior,† (Angrosino 2002: 1). Various aspects of the human being are being studied in anthropology. The origin of human being is the main concern of anthropology and it would cut across other disciplines like the humanities, scientific research, natural sciences and the social sciences like history, psychology and sociology. The definition supports the claim that â€Å"anthropology is holistic in that it combines the study of human biology, history and the learned and shared patterns of human behavior and thought† which is known as the â€Å"culture in order to analyze human groups,† (Nanda and Warms 2011: 20). The study is not only concerned with the individual but with the interactions in the society as well. Anthropology can also be defined as â€Å"the comparative study of human societies and culture s. Its goal is to describe, analyze, and explain different cultures, to show how groups have adapted to their environments and given significance to their lives,† (Nanda and Warms 2011: 20). The second definition points out that the focus of anthropology is the society and culture as people interact with one another and form groups. And each group and subgroup of the societies formed has its distinct culture or habits that are unique to the members of such groups. The people who study anthropology are called anthropologists. Anthropology has many subfields to allow people to focus on the details that make up the study of man. The two major subfields of anthropology are physical anthropology and cultural anthropology. Physical anthropology can be defined as: the study of the biological, physiological, anatomical and genetic characteristics of both ancient and modern human populations. Physical anthropologists study the evolutionary development of the human species by a comparat ive analysis of both fossil and living primates. They study the mechanics of evolutionary change through an analysis of genetic variation in human populations (Angrosino 2002: 1). Natural science is the main focus of physical anthropology to study the nature of man and its origin of existence. The history is studied using the fossils to identify the body structure of man in the past. It also involves genetics in studying the populations and the differences of people. On the other hand, cultural anthropo